A new study led by researchers from the Institute of Biophysics identified the metabolic enzyme SIRT5 as a critical suppressor of MASLD progression that reshapes hepatic metabolic pathways.

A research team led by Prof. BAI Shuo from the Institute of Process Engineering has pioneered a fully biodegradable, self-powered implantable electrical stimulation system designed to enhance muscle repair. The device operates independent of external power sources and does not compromise patient comfort.

Soils store more carbon than the atmosphere and vegetation combined, with soil microorganisms playing the main role. As a result, the global soil carbon cycle—by which carbon enters, moves through, and leaves soils worldwide—exerts a significant impact on climate change feedback. Now an important study led by researchers from the Institute of Earth Environment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences sheds new light on this cycle by overturning assumptions about the relationship between microbial respiration and carbon storage.

A research group led by Prof. ZHOU Bingsheng from the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences demonstrated novel molecular mechanisms associated with pollutant-induced intestinal injury, and revealed how TBPH drives IBD-like pathology by disrupting the gut microbiota-arachidonic acid metabolic axis.

A new study led by Prof. YANG Yuanhe from the Institute of Botany has uncovered significant regional differences in the temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition between high-latitude and high-altitude permafrost regions, suggesting that high-latitude permafrost regions may be significantly more susceptible to soil carbon loss than high-altitude regions under future warming scenarios.

A research team led by Prof. ZHU Chunwu from the Institute of Soil Science reports that the CO₂ fertilization effect on rice growth and yield depends heavily on the number of generations exposed to elevated CO₂ conditions. Accurately predicting rice productivity in a future high-CO₂ world requires studying the effect of multigenerational exposure to elevated CO₂ on rice yield.

A research team led by Prof. LIU Xin'an and Prof. CHEN Zuxin from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology revealed how Bacteroides fragilis activates a previously unrecognized cholinergic gut-vagus-brain circuit, and demonstrated its therapeutic potential in both animal models and children with refractory epilepsy.

An interdisciplinary research team has uncovered a new explanation for the foraging division of labor in bumblebees, drawing on insights from fluid dynamics, morphology, and ecology. Their study reveals that subtle variations in the microstructure of the insects' functional organs can shape labor division at the colony level.

A large-scale population metagenomic study led by Prof. TAN Zhiliang from the Institute of Subtropical Agriculture has shed new light on the spatial heterogeneity of viral communities across the gastrointestinal tracts of ruminants, which are closely linked to human history.

A research team from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, in collaboration with researchers from Anhui University, ShanghaiTech University, and the University of New Hampshire, has demonstrated the first electrically controllable generation of hopfions, three-dimensional topological solitons, in a solid-state magnetic system.

Researchers from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden and their collaborators investigated the effects of applying pristine biochar and magnesium-modified biochar (Mg-BC) at two rates to degraded red and black soils. They found that both biochar types improved overall soil physicochemical properties and enhanced enzyme activities, with Mg-BC showing more pronounced benefits.

Researchers from the Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science (Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology) and Tongji University identified a fibrous-layer resident subpopulation of P-SSCs labeled by Angptl7. They found that these cells are crucial for bone fracture repair by mediating endochondral ossification, but exhibit minimal osteogenic capacity during postnatal bone development and maintenance.

A research team from the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has identified turbulence caused by shear-motion of molecular clouds as the dominant heating mechanism for molecular gas in the Galactic Center.

A research team led by Prof. JIANG Ling and Prof. LI Gang from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences revealed that only three water molecules can separate Ba and OH in neutral BaOH(H₂O)n (n = 1−5) clusters, and uncovered the microscopic mechanism of alkali dissolution exemplified by hydrated BaOH clusters.

Researchers from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences revealed the intricate molecular mechanism controlled by the plant hormone cytokinin that leads to the formation of more female flowers in cassava.

A new study led by Prof. ZHANG Yongqiang from the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has delivered a highly observation-constrained assessment of the global water cycle to date. The study integrates satellite-derived hydrological estimates, multi-model Earth system simulations, and long-term observations from 50 major river basins worldwide via an advanced Emergent Constraint framework.

Researchers from the Institute of Metal Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have stretched a chain of gold atoms by a record-breaking 46%, providing direct evidence of how fundamental metal bonds behave under extreme deformation. This study also reveals how structural changes at the atomic scale influence electrical transport.

Researchers from the Institute of Biophysics and the Institute of Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with enterprises in Guizhou Province, have introduced widely targeted metabolomics to investigate CRRTJ bloating.