The 2025 Zhongguancun Forum (ZGC Forum) kicked off in Beijing on Thursday. At the opening ceremony, China's 10 scientific advances of 2024 were released. The selection of the advances is hosted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and organized by the High Technology Research and Development Center (Basic Research Management Center) of NSFC.

The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), China's flagship synchrotron radiation facility, has officially launched its joint commissioning phase, marking its final construction stage. The Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the main HEPS developer, announced the new development at a parallel forum of the 2025 Zhongguancun Forum in Beijing on Thursday.

A group of Chinese researchers has developed a wearable repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) device, according to a recent research article published in the journal Nature Communications. Researchers from the Institute of Automation, under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, developed the battery-powered wearable rTMS device through lightweight magnetic core coil designs, high-power-density and high-voltage pulse driving techniques. The combined weight of the stimulator and coil is only three kilograms.

A Chinese research team has discovered a new genus and species of tubalepid antiarch, Tongdulepis concavus, which dates back approximately 390 million years in Qujing, Yunnan Province, according to the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) on Sunday.

China just announced a groundbreaking "human cell lineage" mega-facility in South China's Guangdong, designed to crack the code of human development, disease, and aging. Led by Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the facility aims to map the spatiotemporal evolution of cells throughout the human lifespan, develop a large-scale AI model for digital cells, and construct a digital physiological human.

As reported in Advanced Photonics Nexus, researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences recently made a significant advancement by developing a compact, solid-state laser system capable of generating 193-nm coherent light. This wavelength is crucial for photolithography, a process used to etch intricate patterns onto silicon wafers, forming the backbone of modern electronic devices.

China's space station is set to introduce a novel participant in its space science experiments -- the planarian, a creature renowned for its extraordinary regenerative capabilities, China Media Group reported on Saturday. The study of planarians holds profound implications for understanding human cellular mechanisms to combat aging and promote longevity, according to the Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization under the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The 2025 International Congress of Basic Science (ICBS 2025) announced its laureates for the Basic Science Lifetime Awards and Frontiers of Science Awards at a press conference held Friday at Tsinghua University in Beijing. Six globally renowned scientists, including Samuel Chao Chung Ting, Steven Chu, and David Jonathan Gross, Robert Endre Tarjan, Shigefumi Mori, and George Lusztig, were honored with the Lifetime Awards.

Based on lunar samples retrieved by Chang'e-6 mission, a research team led by Chen Yi from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences confirmed that the oldest and largest impact crater on the moon, the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin, was formed 4.25 billion years ago, providing critical insights into the understanding of the early evolution of the moon and the solar system.

One of China's key scientific infrastructures, the Chinese Meridian Project (CMP), also known as the Ground-based Space Environment Monitoring Network, successfully passed national acceptance for its second phase on Friday. It will boost cutting-edge scientific research and provide key support for the country's space weather forecasting services, according to the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The National Multimode Trans-Scale Biomedical Imaging Center, one of China's key scientific infrastructure projects, passed national acceptance on Friday, bringing it one step closer to further supporting life sciences research and the diagnosis and treatment of major diseases, said the Institute of Biophysics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

A study led by researchers at the Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found the declining trend after analyzing the data on dissolved oxygen levels -- the amount of oxygen in the water -- in more than 15,000 lakes across the world over the past 20 years.

China's glacier area has decreased by approximately 6 percent over the past decade, according to the latest Chinese glacier inventory released on Friday. According to Kang Shichang, lead researcher of the project, China's glaciers covered about 46,000 square km, with some 69,000 individual glaciers. Compared to the results of the first inventory, from the 1960s to 2020, China's glacier area has shrunk by 26 percent, with nearly 7,000 small glaciers vanishing entirely.

Recent research by scientists at the Tibetan Plateau Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences highlights the significant effects of global climate change over the past 36 years on the lakes of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, including expansion, increased water temperature, and greater transparency. There was also a gradual decrease in salinity, a significant reduction in chlorophyll-a levels, and enhanced microbial diversity and nutrient status.

An international team led by Chinese scientists have realized quantum-secured communication across over 12,900 kilometers between China and South Africa. Using the Jinan-1 micro-nano satellite and compact ground stations, this new breakthrough in quantum technology demonstrates the potential for secure quantum communication on a global scale.

A tethered balloon, developed by the Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), was successfully deployed on Wednesday to assist in the construction of ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission lines in Tai'an city, East China's Shandong Province. This marks China's first use of an aerial platform for energy projects, the CMG reported.

A drone powered by an ultra-low-temperature high-energy-density lithium battery, developed by researchers at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), has successfully completed a flight test in China's northernmost city under extreme cold conditions of minus 36 degrees Celsius.

A research team has discovered a new lichen genus on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is known as the "roof of the world." The genus has been named Pseudosolorina, according to the Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences.