A high-performance carbon fiber project has recently come on stream in the province's Datong City, marking China's first domestic large-scale production of T1000-grade carbon fiber and signaling a decisive breakthrough in the country's ability to mass-produce this highest-tier material. Jing Deqi, a senior engineer at the Institute of Coal Chemistry (ICC) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanxi, explained that the carbon fiber produced through this project has a single filament diameter of just 5 to 6 micrometers -- less than one-tenth the width of a human hair -- yet delivers a tensile strength exceeding 6,600 MPa.

An international research team has developed a "self-etching" technique to process soft and unstable ionic crystal lattice semiconductors, specifically 2D perovskite thin-layer single crystals, without damaging their structure, thereby overcoming a key challenge in the field of optoelectronic materials. The study, led by researchers from the University of Science and Technology of China, Purdue University and ShanghaiTech University, was published on Thursday in the journal Nature.

An international research team has uncovered a critical link between common viral infections and multiple sclerosis (MS), offering new insights into the disease's pathogenesis. The collaborative study, conducted by researchers from the University of Science and Technology of China and the University of Zurich, was published online on Wednesday in the journal Cell.

China's astronomical observatory at Dome A, the highest peak of the Antarctic plateau, has successfully concluded its 2025 night astronomical observation, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) said Tuesday.

A group of Chinese researchers revealed that the volatile loss from the lunar mantle was induced by the giant impact that formed the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) Basin in the moon's far side, providing crucial evidence for understanding the impact of large-scale collisions on the lunar evolution and for uncovering the causes of different nature of moon's near side and far side.

Global researchers recently made new progress in the systematics and evolutionary diversity of Mesozoic ginkgoalean plants, according to the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The research, conducted by the institute in collaboration with colleagues from Germany, France, and Ireland, was published in the journal Papers in Palaeontology.

Findings from a major collaboration involving over 50 scientists from 31 research reveal that the world's oceans absorbed more heat in 2025 than in any other year since modern record-keeping began. Published in the journal Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, the report showed that the global ocean heat content in the upper 2,000 meters set a record for the ninth consecutive year, increasing by 23 zettajoules compared to 2024.

A team of Chinese and international scientists has uncovered the precise mechanism behind one of nature's most vital alliances: the partnership between legume plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. This finding has the potential to transform future agricultural practices. The discovery, published in the latest issue of Science, explains how plants and bacteria identify the perfect partner, paving the way for engineered crops that may one day need far less chemical fertilizer.

China has made progress in scientific data simulation for the Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST), also known as the Xuntian Space Telescope, marking a crucial step in preparing for the country's flagship space astronomy facility. A collaborative Chinese research team built an end-to-end observation simulation suite for both the telescope's main optical system and various observation terminals.

By studying the detection data of China's first Mars rover, Zhurong, Chinese geologists have found that the Martian surface had still exhibited significant aqueous activity approximately 750 million years ago. This discovery shows that water existed on Mars several hundred million years longer than previously thought.

A novel experiment on the fundamental science of lithium-ion batteries has been carried out aboard China's Tiangong space station.

A team of Chinese scientists has demonstrated that simple, non-invasive sound therapy can produce significant and remarkably long-lasting biological changes in aged monkeys, offering new hope for a potential physical treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The study, published in the latest issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), was led by researchers from the Kunming Institute of Zoology (KIZ) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

China's space station made steady progress in the development of space science, application experiments and technology tests in 2025, according to China's Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization (CSU) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

A novel experiment on the fundamental science of lithium-ion batteries has been carried out aboard China's Tiangong space station, according to the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on Wednesday. This experiment, conducted by the three astronauts comprising the Shenzhou-21 crew, aimed to uncover the mechanisms behind battery performance by leveraging the unique conditions of space.

An industrial demonstration project which passed an acceptance review in Beijing on Tuesday can decompose hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a highly toxic industrial waste gas, into high-purity hydrogen and sulfur, offering an innovative pathway for green transformation in traditional industries such as natural gas, petrochemicals and coal utilization.

An asteroid has been officially named after Kuang Tingyun, a distinguished Chinese botanist renowned for her long-standing research on photosynthesis, the Institute of Botany under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IBCAS) said Tuesday.

Nestled among the mountains by the sea in Huizhou, Guangdong province, one of the world's largest all-ion accelerators is poised to go into operation, helping China to be at the forefront of nuclear science. The High Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF), which generated its first beam in October 2025 after seven years of construction, was developed by the Institute of Modern Physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

A group of Chinese researchers has developed a three-dimensional (3D) electrical imaging method that directly reveals how defect passivation treatment improves the quality of perovskite films and related solar cell performance. The study was recently published in the journal Newton.